How should chicken manure be fermented and what methods are there?

As the saying goes, "When crops are alive, don't ask. Except for Kung Fu, fertilizer is fertilizer." Fertilization plays a pivotal role in agricultural production and is an important measure for farmers to increase production and income.
Currently, agricultural fertilization in China is mainly achieved through the application of chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizers. Chemical fertilizer is the most widely used fertilizer in modern agriculture, also known as inorganic fertilizer, which is made by chemical methods and contains one or more nutrients required for crop growth. Such as nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, or a compound fertilizer composed of several elements. Chemical fertilizers have played a significant role in increasing agricultural production, but their disadvantages are also obvious. Firstly, chemical fertilizers have a single nutritional component. Take phosphate fertilizer as an example. Phosphate fertilizer contains a large number of harmful elements such as F, As, Cd, and Cr, which can lead to the enrichment of heavy metal elements in the soil after long-term use, causing an imbalance in the nutritional value of the soil; Secondly, chemical fertilizers can reduce the activity of microorganisms in the soil, causing soil nutrient imbalance and aggravating soil acidity.
Organic fertilizer mainly refers to the fermented manure from livestock and poultry. After a certain degree of fermentation, chicken manure, pig manure, and cow and sheep manure form fertilizer with high nutritional value. Organic fertilizer has a long-lasting fertilizer effect, increases soil organic matter, effectively promotes the reproduction of microorganisms, and improves the physical and chemical properties and biological activity of the soil. However, organic fertilizer needs to be processed and decomposed before use, otherwise it will cause problems such as crop root burning, disease and pest breeding, and soil pollution.
Chicken manure fermentation can be accomplished through two methods: natural accumulation and fermentation composting technology
1、 Natural accumulation method
The method of natural accumulation is mainly open-air fermentation, which can be conducted through direct air drying and plastic bag decomposition. Direct air drying takes about three months, and the decomposition of plastic bags generally requires continuous manual intervention. After three or four times of accumulation and allocation, the decomposition of chicken manure can be completed in about one month. However, during the ripening of plastic bags, it is necessary to control the fermentation temperature to prevent excessive water loss.
Natural accumulation is the most traditional method of fermentation, which takes a long time and requires constant manual stirring. It naturally emits a foul odor and decomposes harmful gases, causing environmental pollution and losing a large amount of nutrients in chicken manure.
2、 Fermentation Composting Technology
Fermentation composting technology mainly includes tank fermentation, stack fermentation, and organic fertilizer fermentation tanks. Tank and stack fermentation processes take a long time, occupy a large area, and are greatly affected by the weather, so they will not be repeated here. Due to the closed fermentation of the organic fertilizer fermentation tank, it occupies a small area and saves labor. It can maximize the fermentation of livestock and poultry manure. Through intelligent electrical control, it ensures constant temperature fermentation, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional fermentation equipment due to seasonal constraints.
The organic fertilizer fermentation tank adopts the principle of high-temperature aerobic fermentation, which enables microorganisms to utilize the organic matter and residual protein in livestock and poultry feces and carcasses to rapidly reproduce under a certain temperature, humidity, and sufficient oxygen environment, thereby achieving harmless treatment of livestock and poultry wastes. This equipment is suitable for the treatment of different livestock manure, food waste and urban sewage sludge. As long as the water content of organic waste is below 70%, it can be directly put into the fermentation tank without adding any auxiliary materials. It is a continuous system that allows waste to be released every day, and organic fertilizer can be produced every day. It takes about 7 days for each ton of waste to be converted into high-quality organic fertilizer.
To sum up, chicken manure is superior organic fertilizer compared with other livestock manure, which can significantly improve soil fertility, but chicken manure can only be used after fermentation and decomposition. By using Bolong organic manure fermentation tank for 7 days closed aerobic fermentation, chicken manure can be converted into high-quality organic fertilizer, which will reduce pollution and achieve sustainable development of aquaculture cycle.